Pressure transmission and distribution under impact load using artificial denture teeth made of different materials

Statement of problem

Pressure transmission and distribution under denture bases may be different depending on the material of the artificial denture teeth used.

Purpose

The purposes of this study were to evaluate pressure transmission and distribution under impact load using artificial denture teeth composed of different materials, and to examine the modulus of elasticity of the artificial denture teeth.

Material and methods

The denture base specimens with artificial denture teeth made of 4 different materials (acrylic resin, microfilled composite resin, nanocomposite resin, and ceramic) were evaluated. Pressure transmission, distribution, and maximum pressure (n=10) were observed with pressure-sensitive sheets under an impact load. Modulus of elasticity of the artificial denture teeth (n=10) was measured by using an ultramicroindentation system. Data were statistically analyzed with 1-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey HSD and Tamhane's multiple range post hoc tests (α=.05).

Results

Maximum pressure transmission observed from ceramic denture teeth was significantly higher than that of other groups (P<.001). Nanocomposite resin denture teeth presented the lowest pressure transmission, whereas a localized stress transmission area was observed in the ceramic denture teeth group. Significant differences in the modulus of elasticity were observed among the 4 types of artificial denture teeth (P<.001).

Conclusions

Pressure transmission and distribution varied among the denture tooth materials. Differences in the modulus of elasticity of each type of denture tooth were demonstrated. (J Prosthet Dent 2009;102:319-327)