Effect of bleaching agents on the microhardness of tooth-colored restorative materials

Statement of problem

There is no consensus concerning the effect of bleaching gels on microhardness of restorative materials. Information about the effect of whitening strips on microhardness of restorative materials is also limited.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a bleaching gel and a whitening strip on the microhardness of 3 tooth-colored restorative materials.

Material and methods

Forty cylindrical specimens (6 × 2 mm) of each restorative material, including a nanohybrid composite resin (Grandio), a polyacid-modified composite resin (Dyract eXtra), and a glass-ionomer cement (Ionofil Molar AC), were prepared and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. The specimens were then polished using medium, fine, and superfine polishing disks and stored in 37°C distilled water for 7 days. Specimens were divided into 4 groups (n=10). One group was selected for baseline Vickers hardness measurements (load 100 g, dwell time 20 seconds) of the top surfaces. The other 3 groups were treated for 21 days with 1 of the following: distilled water (control), bleaching gel (10% carbamide peroxide), or whitening strip (14% hydrogen peroxide). The top surfaces of the treated specimens were also subjected to the same hardness testing performed for the baseline specimens. Data were analyzed with 2-way analysis of variance and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference tests (α=.05).

Results

There were no significant differences in microhardness between the test groups of each restorative material. However, significant differences in microhardness were observed among restorative materials. For all test groups, composite resin showed the highest hardness values, whereas glass-ionomer cement presented the lowest (P<.05).

Conclusion

The bleaching products used in this study did not adversely affect the microhardness of the restorative materials.